If you right click on an image and try to open it with Adobe Photoshop CS 6 for example, and it doesn’t work, you can do do a few things.
First of all, download and install CCleaner. This issue appears when some Windows registry files are damaged.
CCleaner has a free version which will do the job just fine. You can download the free version from here.
Run the software and fix all the errors from the registry section.
Now try to open an image with Adobe Photoshop. Browse where Photoshop is installed and try to open the image. It should work now.
I’ve tried a lot of things like reinstalling Adobe Photoshop, the only thing that worked was to fix the registry errors with CCleaner.